Abstract: Hanjiang River Basin is the core water source area of the national water network, shouldering multiple missions such as ensuring national water security, maintaining ecological balance and supporting high-quality development.It is urgent to accelerate the establishment of a new pattern for the protection and governance of Hanjiang River Basin and fully ensure the safety of rivers, the eastward flow of clear water, and the northward delivery of clean water.This article, in combination with the ongoing comprehensive planning compilation work for Hanjiang River Basin, systematically sorts out the current situation and existing shortcomings and weaknesses of the protection and governance of Hanjiang River Basin.Adhering to a problem-oriented approach, we should scientifically plan and advance the ideas and measures for the protection and governance of the Hanjiang River Basin from ensuring flood control and safety in the Hanjiang River Basin, promoting the conservation and intensive use of water resources, continuously improving the quality of the ecological environment, and comprehensively enhancing the management efficiency of the basin four aspects, to support and serve the high-quality development of the basin s economy and society.