Abstract:
With the development of hydropower projects, the available hard rock dam sites become increasingly rare.The traditional practice of only using soft rock in the dry areas downstream of the dam can no longer meet the actual engineering needs, and it is necessary to further expand its scope of use.Through the successful practice and application of full-section soft rock dam deformation control technology, seepage control technology and earthquake resistance technology in the asphalt concrete core wall rockfill dam of the Karot Hydropower Station in Pakistan, the highest full-section soft rock asphalt concrete core wall rockfill dam in the strong earthquake zone was built, which is Karot Dam (dam height 95.5 m).The results showed that: ① The adoption of dam zoning principles suitable for full-section soft rock construction successfully applied soft rock with saturated compressive strength of less than 15 MPa below the dead water level in the upstream zone, extending the utilization scope of soft rock.② By adopting quality control indicators such as priority gradation and permeability of compaction degree, the dam body settlement was effectively controlled (cumulative settlement was about 0.99% of dam height).③ With the adoption of a T-shaped drainage structure comprising vertical drainage layer + horizontal drainage blanket + integrated drainage body, the leakage rate of Karot Dam was effectively contained at approximately 10 L/s.④ The implementation of seismic-resistant geogrids within the dam body and mortared stone pitching on dam slopes ensured the seismic safety of a full-section soft-rock earth-rock dam in a Ⅷ-degree seismic zone.