Abstract: Addressing the issue of lacking evaluation of the factors importance by USLE/RUSLE model for calculating soil erosion, this study conducted an analysis focusing on the Henan section of Yellow River Basin.Monthly remotely sensed data from 2000 to 2015, combined with factors such as rainfall, slope, elevation, vegetation coverage, soil and water conservation measures factors, were selected as data sources.Soil erosion modulus was calculated based on RUSLE model, and the contributions of the main influencing factors of soil erosion were quantitatively analyzed using Geo-detector.The research results show that: The average soil erosion modulus in the study area from 2000 to 2015 was 852.85 t/(km²·a), and the dominant erosion level is mainly slight and mild.Sanmenxia, Luoyang and Zhengzhou cities have significantly higher soil erosion levels than Jiaozuo, Jiyuan, Xinxiang, Kaifeng and Puyang. The GIS geo-detector analysis results show that slope has the greatest influence on soil erosion, and the steeper the slope, the more severe the soil erosion.The order of influence of each factor was as follows: slope > soil and water conservation measures > elevation > rainfall > vegetation coverage.From 2000 to 2015, the slope influencing factor has been dominant.The soil erosion intensity in high slope areas (>15°) has increased significantly, especially in areas above 25°, where the erosion modulus has increased exponentially.When the vegetation coverage factor is less than 0.35, the soil erosion modulus reaches the maximum, and the rainfall factor, elevation, and slope have also showed a positive influence on soil erosion.The higher the rainfall factor, the higher the elevation, and the steeper the slope, the higher the soil erosion modulus.Soil erosion reaches the maximum when the soil and water conservation measure factor is 1.When the soil and water conservation measure factor is between 0 and 0.14, erosion basically does not occur.There are significant interactions between slope and vegetation coverage (geo-detector q=0.63), slope and rainfall (q=0.61), and slope and soil and water conservation measures (q=0.63), indicating that soil erosion is driven by multiple factors.In steep slope areas, vegetation restoration alone may not be enough, and comprehensive management needs to be combined with engineering measures.The results of the study can provide technical support and decision-making basis for ecological conservation in the Yellow River Basin, such as soil and water conservation, reforestation and slope greening.The dominant and interacting factors in the study area can provide scientific basis for the optimization of regional model parameters for subsequent scholars.